Yellow springs for VAZ 2109. Color marking of VAZ springs

Manufacturing
Making springs is a rather complex process from a technical point of view.
Most springs for domestic cars "Zhiguli", "Niva" and "Samara" are produced
at the VAZ plant. In addition to the Volzhsky Automobile Plant, there are several more enterprises producing
springs under VAZ license. Attach to the products of these enterprises
a special tag or an individual manufacturer’s trademark is applied.
Springs are made from high quality rolled spring steel. Previously
from steel, by grinding or turning (on new lines
production), the decarbonized layer is removed.

Manufacturing
suspension springs are divided into the following stages:

• The rod is heated, followed by coiling of the spring, in a hot
  condition;
• Further
  the spring is hardened in oil, followed by low tempering;
• Product
  subjected to shot blasting necessary to remove slag,
  oxidation and hardening of the surface layer of the spring;
• Stage
  cold spring upset. At this stage, the springs are compressed at least 3 times
  up to the contact of the turns, as a result of which the length decreases on average
  by 18 millimeters.
  Simultaneously with this process, the so-called “captivity” occurs
  springs.
• Applying a protective coating to the product. The rear suspension spring works in
  under sufficiently severe conditions, for this reason, it is applied to the product
  special protective epoxy coating. Front suspension springs cover
  enamel, usually black, on a special chlorinated rubber base. TO
  In short, the process of applying epoxy coating is quite complex and
  mastered only at the VAZ plant. At other factories, springs are coated with enamel.
• Static load control. This stage is the final stage in the process
  production of springs for automobile suspensions. The specified stage is
  mandatory for all types of springs. Those springs that did not pass the test
  inspection are considered defective. Depending on the test results, the springs
  are divided into 2 classes. Products with a positive tolerance range for static load
  belong to class “A”, and with a negative one – to class “B”. All products
  those that have passed the control check are marked with colored paint depending on
  assigned class. The mark is applied with a spray and looks like a colored
  stripes on the outside of the spring coils.

Colors
spring markings for VAZ, GAZ, IZH, ZAZ, AZLK

Overwhelming
most springs that are installed on cars are marked yellow
or green. Naturally, the question arises, what class of spring?
is it best to buy for a car? It is obvious that the springs belonging to
class “B”, in operation no worse than products of class “A”. Specified division
per class is necessary in order to reduce the difference that is observed in
the length of the left and right side springs. The difference is almost inevitable with serial
production, which may ultimately have a negative impact on the sustainability and
car controllability. The difference in the length of the springs causes the body to skew along
relative to the longitudinal axis. Thus, if the vehicle is very
often used with maximum load, it is necessary to install
“A” class springs, since these parts can withstand heavy loads,
than Class B products. However, it should be noted that as a result, the difference may
be very insignificant in the range of 0-25 kilograms.

TO
For the information of motorists, there is a marking of car springs in which
other colors are used. This product is intended for installation in
mainly on the rear suspension of so-called station wagons. Previously to
These vehicles included the VAZ-2102 model, currently -
VAZ-2111 and VAZ-2104. These models differ in slightly increased length,
which is due to the specifics of these vehicles. And it arises again
The question is whether it would be advisable to install these springs on ordinary sedans
or hatchbacks? To answer this question, you need to decide in advance
for the purpose of installing suspension springs on a car. Thus, if by changing the springs
a motorist wants to increase ground clearance, which is associated with subsidence
car body due to aging, then this step is completely justified. Usually,
The specified replacement of suspension springs will not affect the driving performance of the car. However, if the owner
car, wants to change the suspension springs in order to increase the load capacity
exceeding the maximum permissible norm, then such actions will cause
destruction and premature wear of the body. In the end, the choice is up to you
the owner of the car, based on which task is the highest priority:
safety vehicle in good condition throughout
for a long time or using the car with maximum efficiency, which
a short period of time will lead to wear and tear of the unit.

For car enthusiasts
you need to know that the use of suspension springs is not recommended
by the vehicle manufacturer and vehicle overload exceeding the permissible limit
standards are the reasons for reducing the service life of the machine. Which is quite fair
and to spacers, which are often installed between the spring and the car body.
The spacer cannot compensate for a sagging spring, since the part
the interturn distance decreases. Which is quite dangerous because
reducing the spring travel. If the spacer is installed together with an unworn
spring, then this action will lead to an increase in ground clearance, however, at the same time
the compression stroke will increase and the rebound stroke of the shock absorber will decrease, which is also
unwanted.

Naturally,
that, sometimes practiced, the installation of rubber inserts between the turns
worn spring is meaningless. As a result of such actions, it’s already bad
a functioning spring may stop working altogether and one day simply
will burst. It is quite obvious that these actions can cause an emergency
situations on the road due to poor vehicle control.

Spring installation rules

First
First of all, you need to remember that springs should be installed on the car
only one class. Sometimes it is allowed to install springs on the rear suspension
class “B”, and for the front suspension – class “A”. But to such an option
should be used only as a last resort when the required products are not available for sale.
springs specifically for the rear suspension. However, under no circumstances should you
install springs in a different way than previously indicated. If to the front
If the suspension was equipped with class “B” springs, then the rear suspension should also
install springs of the same “B” class. In this situation, absolutely
It is prohibited to install class “A” springs on the rear suspension. Necessary
remember that on the right and left sides of one axle of the vehicle there must be
Only springs of the same class can be installed.

Despite
on a fairly trivial spring design to determine suitability for
use in a garage is almost impossible. To determine
the suitability of the spring requires very large special equipment,
which can load the spring and depending on the value of the applied
load determine the degree of compression of the part. It should be noted that the procedure
restoring old springs is meaningless and impractical. Given
the statement was verified by specialists from the VAZ plant, according to research,
after restoration, the spring resource is very low, however, the procedure requires
quite a lot of time and money, which ultimately results in
unprofitable.

12:12 - 28.12.2016

The accident occurred in early May. The driver of a Toyota Avensis was moving along the highway in the direction of Maslennikov, and a 27-year-old motorist in a Nine was driving in the same direction. The passenger of the domestic car, a 22-year-old guy, died in the accident, and a 29-year-old girl with numerous serious injuries was urgently hospitalized. The investigation revealed that the driver of the foreign car changed lanes to the third lane.

11:11 - 28.12.2016

The accident happened around 8 pm on the street. Pechorskaya. The driver of a VAZ-2110 drove into the oncoming lane and, losing control, collided with a Lada Priora car. A 27-year-old girl was injured in the accident. And she was immediately taken by ambulance to the hospital. The driver of the dozen refused to undergo a medical examination for intoxication. The second driver was sober.

11:11 - 28.12.2016

The attackers stole only premium cars and then prepared them for sale in other regions. In one week from December 9 to 16 in the Krasnoglinsky district, 3 black Lexus RX350 cars and two Toyota Land Cruiser 200 in white and black colors were stolen. Car owners contacted the police to report thefts. Criminal proceedings were initiated on the facts of the crimes

21:21 - 20.09.2016

The Slovak company AeroMobil has officially announced its readiness to present the first production flying car, AeroMobil 4.0, in 2018. The company plans to accept applications as early as next year. With their actions, Slovak engineers, with funding from former Aston Martin director David Richards, overtook their main competitors from the United States - the Terrafugia company with their TF-X air car, the development of which began in early 2016.

11:11 - 20.09.2016

The large German auto brand Audi has begun road testing of the “charged” version of the RS5, which received a 3-liter V-twin turbo engine producing 450 horsepower. The official presentation of the new Audi RS5 will take place in March 2017 at the Geneva Motor Show. The new product will differ from previous models by the presence of a wide front bumper, large air intakes and reduced weight.

10:10 - 20.09.2016

As part of a special event dedicated to the 10th anniversary of its presence in the Russian car market, Infiniti officially presented four new products: Q30, QX30, QX60 and Q60. The first three have already arrived at dealerships in the Russian Federation and are up for sale; the Q60 model should arrive a little later. According to analysts, the Infiniti Q30 should become a sales flagship in the Russian market. The car will receive 2 versions, basic

10:10 - 28.11.2016

Today, the 28th, a Lada Priora car caught fire on Kirov Street. The car cannot be restored as it was completely burned out. Two crews arrived at the scene of the fire and managed to put out the flames without any problems. At the moment, the cause of the fire is unknown; a short circuit in the electrical wiring is being considered; about six people helped extinguish the flames.

10:10 - 28.11.2016

In just a few hours, three accidents occurred in the Gorodishchensky district, resulting in two casualties. On the evening of the 27th, a driver hit an 81-year-old grandmother, an elderly woman was injured, and a little later a Volvo and a VAZ collided, in which a young man of 20 years old was injured. An hour later, a VAZ 2112 overturned at the Ural FAD, a guy was injured

10:10 - 28.11.2016

On the 27th at 3 o'clock in the afternoon, a traffic accident occurred during which a Kia Sid and a domestically produced VAZ 2110 collided. As a result of the incident, three people were injured, a 46-year-old woman and two young men aged 25, the boys were taken to the hospital with various injuries. The details of the incident are being clarified, special equipment was on the scene, the accident was eliminated

10:10 - 09.09.2016

According to the head of the Ministry of Labor, the enterprise will request additional subsidies in October-November. Maxim Topilin reported this information after a meeting with the management of the domestic automaker and a conversation with the governor of the Samara region: I personally met with the new director of AVTOVAZ, I talked just the other day with the governor - AvtoVAZ plans to come up with a proposal to increase subsidies sometime in October - the month of November. But for now

21:21 - 08.09.2016

On September 1, 2016, the new regulations for passing exams in the traffic police came into force. The main goal of the innovations is to make testing of future drivers more transparent and objective. Starting today, time restrictions are introduced for many procedures within the framework of the exam, including standing in line - examiners are required to accept the applicant within 15 minutes. On

17:17 - 08.09.2016

According to experts, today every tenth car loan falls into the category of “problematic” – i.e. those whose payments are overdue for 90 days or more. As of September 1, 2016, Russian buyers of credit cars owed banks 82.5 billion rubles. The reason for the difficulties with paying car loan installments was a sharp drop in the level of

On most passenger cars- These are coil springs. Despite their simplicity and reliability, they fail over time.

After long-term (5–7 years) operation of the vehicle with a heavy load, they sag due to metal fatigue, while the travel and energy consumption of the suspension decrease. It starts to work all the way, which accelerates the destruction of body parts. Loss of spring elasticity is often discovered unexpectedly. For example, all summer two or three of us went to the dacha, but here we had to take guests and load the trunk thoroughly. The weight is no more than the permissible 400 kg for a Zhiguli, and the car is already “crawling on its belly,” clinging to the asphalt with its muffler.

But not all owners are in a hurry to buy new springs. Someone, having listened to other “experts”, installs rubber spacers under the springs (or between their coils). The main danger of such a solution is the possibility of the suspension being activated before the spring coils close and, as a result, almost hard impacts being transmitted to the body. In the standard design, the suspension makes its full stroke until it stops at a soft rubber or polyurethane bumper, which absorbs only the remaining energy. The spacer, replacing the air gaps between the coils of the spring, only limits the travel of the suspension, turning it from “soft spring” to “oak rubber”.
If you transport a ton of cargo per trip on a VAZ-2104, then installing new springs to replace sagging ones is useless - and with them the loaded “four” will lie flat on the asphalt. And with spacers, the car will look “vigorous” for another year, until cracks in the side members disfigure its posture. The fact that the purchase of a new car will have to be taken into account in the estimate of upcoming production costs is not so bad. The main thing is that driving an overloaded car is simply dangerous. But if you use the car not so ruthlessly and count on its long service, there is only one way out - to install new springs designed for this model.
For curious readers, we will tell you how suspension springs are made on a VAZ. The starting material is a rolled round rod made of spring steel grade 60S2GF. The first operation is processing of rods on turning lines to the required diameter, with removal of the top decarburized layer. The second is heating and spiral winding. Then – hardening and tempering. Then shot blasting: in a special chamber, the springs are fired with a stream of fine steel shot - this removes scale, strengthens the surface layer and increases fatigue strength. The next stage is cold draft, or spring captivity. They are compressed three times until the turns touch, after which the length decreases by approximately 18 mm from the original. Now the springs are ready to work for a long time without losing their elasticity.
A protective coating is applied to the finished spring, otherwise, over time, cavities and cavities from corrosion will form on the surface of the rod, which will weaken the surface layer and accelerate the breakage of the spring. In addition to the traditional coating - black chlorinated rubber enamel, VAZ uses a more durable epoxy coating. For example, for rear suspension springs - only the latter.
The final operation is static load control. 100% of produced springs pass it. Compressing the spring with a certain force, measure its length. For example, the spring of the “2101 front” model under a load of 435 kg has a nominal length of 232 mm, and at 603 kg - 182 mm. Springs whose length under load is greater or less (outside the tolerance) are rejected. Those that fall within the plus tolerance (that is, slightly longer than the nominal) belong to class A, and those within the minus tolerance (slightly shorter) – to class B.

After this, the springs are marked by applying a strip of paint to the outer surface of the coils. Depending on the spring model (Table 1), yellow, green, white, blue, brown, dark blue, black and orange are used.
And yet, despite such complex production technology, all springs sag sooner or later in operation. However, if you use more expensive material, you can create a spring that retains sufficient elasticity even with prolonged constraint. An example is the mainspring of a UZRGM grenade fuse. Being in a fully compressed state for fifty years, it slightly loses its elasticity and is always ready to work reliably, breaking the capsule with a striker. Of course, for car springs such high requirements are not presented. What is the point of inflating their cost by making them “eternal” if in a few years more expensive components will require replacement? But the plant is obliged to ensure that the springs remain elastic at least during the design service life of the machine, and it succeeds. The same cannot be said about the “leftist” manufacturers whose springs appear on the market. But there are also conscientious manufacturers who have received VAZ approval to supply springs for spare parts. For example: construction machinery plant in Slavyansk; Crane manufacturing plant in Nikopol (both in Ukraine); Soyuz-TMO LLP, Izhevsk and Machine-Building Plant, Perm. The springs from these four factories are marked with the manufacturer's mark or a tag is attached.
Now about the applicability of springs. Model 2101 (front and rear) - for all rear-wheel drive VAZs with a sedan body. 21012 - made of a larger diameter rod, it is stiffer than 2101. It is installed on the right side of the front suspension of Zhiguli with right-hand drive (export) to level the car due to asymmetrical weight distribution. On left-hand drive vehicles, the total weight of the steering mechanism, pedal assembly, hydraulic brake and clutch units, and instrument cluster located on the left side approximately corresponds to the weight of the battery, starter and generator on the right. With right-hand drive, all this is concentrated on one side, which required a reinforced spring on the right. Spring 21012 is also found on both sides of the suspension of Zhiguli special configurations with left-hand drive, which require increased energy intensity of the front suspension.
Springs 2102 are installed in the rear suspensions of VAZ-2102 and 2104 station wagons. Their length is 21 mm longer than that of conventional “zero first” ones, and using them on sedans is justified only to increase the height of the body above the road, for example, if you have to often drive along a country road and hit bumps with the thresholds. But this does not mean that springs 2102 can be used to increase the load capacity of the machine - premature destruction of the body in this case is inevitable.
Front springs 2108 are installed on all front-wheel drive VAZ models, except for the Oka and modifications with the new 16-valve engine. 2108 rear - for all front-wheel drive vehicles, except for the VAZ-2110 and Oka family. Owners of VAZ-21099 sedans are sometimes deceived in the markets by offering supposedly scarce “99” rear springs at exorbitant prices. Remember: these do not exist - the rear suspension of the VAZ-21099 has ordinary “eighth” springs. Springs for cars of the VAZ-2110 family are not yet in demand; however, we report data on their applicability (Table 2).

Some models of springs are also produced in a European version - for cars intended for export. They are slightly shorter than usual, so the ground clearance of such cars is approximately 20 mm less, and at the same time the compliance of the springs themselves is reduced, which makes it possible to increase the stability of the car in corners and when driving at high speed. If you decide to install these on your car, keep in mind that you need to replace all four springs as a set. Of course, the vehicle’s cross-country ability will be significantly reduced, and when traveling on dirt roads, damage to the bottom of the car is more likely.
Springs of models 2121 are used on all-wheel drive VAZ vehicles of all modifications (2121, 21213, 21218, 2131), and models 1111 - only on Oka.
In conclusion, about the possibility of installing springs of different elasticity classes on a car. General rule, operating on a VAZ, is as follows: all four springs must be of the same class - either A or B. In exceptional cases, it is permissible to install class B springs in the rear if there are class A springs in front. But if there are class B springs on the front suspension, then install rear class A springs are not permitted, and the installation of springs of different classes on the suspension of the same axle is also unacceptable.

The characteristics of springs for suspensions of VAZ cars are given in table. 3.

It is impossible to accurately determine the spring parameters when purchasing. All checks are approximate, but in many cases they will help to avoid counterfeits.

Springs in stores are often sold without packaging. However, its presence and information about the manufacturer indirectly indicate its reliability.

Paint marking of the spring class and determination of the total number of turns.

When checking the shape of the spring, not all coils touch the plane - it is better to refrain from purchasing.

Markings on the spring (trademark of the manufacturer, month and year of manufacture, catalog number), contrary to OST, are applied extremely rarely by Russian manufacturers. But there is almost always a mark about sorting into groups (classes), and it must be the same on both springs purchased. If the groups (classes) are not marked or their markings do not correspond to the data in the table below, it is better to refrain from purchasing.

Protrusion of the support coil outward.

Protrusion of the support coil inward.